Mycobacterium avium complex infection-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome of the central nervous system in an HIV-infected patient: Case report and review
Yi-Chien Lee, Ching-Lan Lu, Chung-Chih Lai, Yu-Tzu Tseng, Hsin-Yun Sun, Chien-Ching Hung
Received: July 29, 2011
Revised: November 30, 2011
Accepted: December 12, 2011
Corresponding author:
Chien-Ching Hung, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
Background and purpose:
Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection involves the central nervous system (CNS) less frequently than tuberculosis, and MAC-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) of the CNS in AIDS patients is even more rarely described. We report a case of MAC-related IRIS of the CNS in an HIV-infected patient who presented with meningoencephalitis and myelitis 2 months after discontinuation of antiMAC therapy, when he had achieved prolonged suppression of HIV replication and restoration of CD4 counts to >100 cells/μL for 1 year. Cases of MAC-related IRIS of the CNS reported in the literature are reviewed.
Key words:
HIV, Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, Meningoencephalitis myelitis, Mycobacterium avium complex
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